Effect of walking and breathing exercises on controlling hypertension

This study was carried out to examine the effect of walking and breathing exercises on controlling hypertension. Methods: A convenience sample of 90 adults patients with a diagnosis of first stage hypertension were randomly and alternatively divided into three equal groups: [30] for each group: Study group [I] performed walking exercise for 30 minutes/five times weekly plus 15 minutes breathing exercise, while study group [2] walking exercise was done for 45 minutes/ three times weekly plus 15 minutes breathing exercise. Control group [3] comprised of 30 patients and exposed to routine hospital care. The study has been conducted at outpatient clinic of Shebin El- kom Menoufiya University and Shebin El- kom Teaching Hospitals in Menoufiya governorate. Quasi Experimental design was used in this study. Data was collected using five developed tools. 1. Socio demographic and clinical data structured interview schedule. 2. Knowledge assessment, structured interview schedule. 3. Physiological measurement. 4. Nutritional assessment. 5. Evaluation of compliance. Results: findings revealed that the blood pressure declined progressively over time for both studied groups compared to control group, but it was significantly reduced for group II who were followed walking exercise for 45 minutes / 3 days weekly for a period of 8 weeks followed by breathing exercise 15 minutes. At the same time it revealed a statistical significance differences between both studied groups compared to control group regarding the laboratory results such as cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein, and low density lipoprotein levels. Also as expected, group II showed a major improvement of their laboratory results than group I. and control group. The current study concluded in general, walking and breathing exercise are beneficial in reducing blood pressure measurement and improving laboratory results. But it strongly recommended walk for 45 minutes / 3 days weekly plus breathing exercise 15 minutes for patients with first stage hypertension

Infection control practices in dental clinics

This study was carried out to assess infection control practices among dentists and dental nurses in dental clinics and identify factors that influence infection control practices in dental clinics. The study was carried out in 15 dental clinics of the Ministry of Health and population of regional hospital in Quesena and Shebin El-Kom. A convenient sample comprised of 31 dentists, 44 dental nurses and 50 patients of both sexes in the previously mentioned setting were selected during the time of data collection. Four tools were utilized for data collection. Tool 1: Infection control practice: Structured questionnaire sheet: developed by the researchers and it includes two parts in addition to sociodemographic data. Tool 2: Infection control practice for dentists and nurses: Observational checklist: It was developed to assess infection control practices of dentist and dental nurses. It include 4 parts. Tool 3: Infection control practice for dentists and nurses: Bacteriological assessment sheet that developed by the researchers to collect data about bacterial count and types present in dentists, dental nurses and dental patients hands and noses and different instruments used in the patient treatment it include 3 parts. Tool 4: Factors influence infection control practices for dentists and nurses. It included 3 parts. Showed that there were significantly higher percentage of nurses gave incorrect answers regarding standard precautions, types of protective barriers, differences between cleaning, disinfection and sterilization and method of sterilization than dentists. But there was significantly higher percentage of nurses gale collect answers regarding method of cleaning instrument than dentists. Also it was revealed that, 100% of dentists followed infection control practices regarding short clean fingers nails, wearing new gloves, changing gloves between patients, disposing contaminated gloves before handling none clinical items and using disposable instruments, while the most infection control practices among nurses were having short clean finger nails followed by using disposable instrument and disposing contaminated gloves before handling non clinical items. Staph areus was significantly higher in the hands and nose of patients than dentists and dental nurses. Moreover, Staph epidermis was significantly higher in the hands of patients than dentists and nurses. There was significantly poor practice scoring among females than males, diploma than faculty and who work in an area of bad ventilation. Most of dentists and dental nurses followed the precautions of infection control in some aspects as short clean fingers and wearing new gloves, changing gloves between patients and disposing contaminated gloves before handling non clinical items. But, other aspects such as hepatitis B immunization and post immunization test remain problems. Wearing masks and protective eyewear were very poor. The practice of recapping needles requires particular attention. Staph areus was significantly higher among hands and nose of patient than dentists and dental nurses

Effect of a chest physical therapy nursing program on the occurrence of pulmonary complications among immobilized orthopaedic patients

This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of a chest physical therapy nursing program on the occurrence of pulmonary complications among immobilized orthopedic patients. The study was conducted in orthopedic department at Menoufiya University Hospital. The sample comprised 60 adult patients who were randomly assigned into two groups: study and control groups. An intervention program was developed based on reviewing the relevant literature. The study group was exposed to the designed chest physical therapy nursing program, while the control group received routine hospital care. Two tools were used for data collection. 1 Respiratory assessment sheet. 2 Dyspnea analogue Borg Scale. The results revealed that, the practice of breathing and coughing exercises of the study group improved significantly during second and third assessment as compared to the practice of the control group. In relation to dyspnea after first assessment the majority 83.3%, 93.3% of study and control groups had severe dyspnea, while in the second assessment 73.3% of the study group had no dyspnea, compared to 13.3% of the control group. In the third assessment the majority 93.3% of study group had no dyspnea compared to 26.7 of the control group. There is an obvious reduction in occurrence of chest infection among study group after second and third assessment compared to control group. Enrichment of patients with knowledge and skills about Chest physical therapy in addition to practicing breathing and coughing exercises seem to have a positive impact on prevention / reduction of pulmonary complications among immobilized orthopedic patients

Impact of assessment guide and oral care on incidence of stomatitis and life style in adult and child receiving chemotherapy

The objectives of this study were to assess the oral cavity by using WCCNR, apply routine daily oral care American Dental Association Guidelines, determine the effect of using the WCCNR assessment and the routine daily care on the incidence of stomatitis and evaluate the impact of stomatitis on the quality of life. The study was conducted on 30 cancer patients treated with chemotherapy. The findings revealed significant differences between the oral status in the assessment before and after first intervention as well as between after the first and second intervention. It was found that stomatitis has an effect on the lifestyle

Serum complement functions and opsonic activity in patients with bacteremia after elective injections sclerotherapy and band ligation for oeshageal varices

Acquired deficiencies of certain complement proteins and, or impaired opsonisation activity of serum have been implicated in the pathogenesis of increased susceptibility to infections of patients with cirrhosis. One handred patients with chronic liver disease complicated with oesophageal varices were included in this study. Eighty of them were randomized to receive either endoscopic injection sclerotherapy [EIS] [40 patients] or endoscopic band ligation [EBL] [40 patients] as elective therapy for their varices. The rest of the patienit 20 were endoscoped but their varices not injected nor ligated. The there groups were well matched as regards clinical, laboratory, ultrasonograhic data, endoscopic findings and Child-Puch classification. Twenty healthy patients- apart from dyspepsia, were exposed to upper GII endoscopy and used as control group. Aerobic and anaerobic blood cutluresd were done for all members before, 30 minutes, 4 hours and 24 hours after the procedures. Throat cultures and cultures of the bands, ethanolamine, injector needle, tip of the endoscope and waer supply were cultural immediately before the procedures, Serum concentration of C3 and C4 and haemolytic complement activity [classic and alternative pathways] of serum and serum opsonic activity were determined in all patients and control group. Aerobic blood cultures were positive in 8 [20%] patients of EIS group and 7 [17.5%] patients of EBL group with a no significant difference between them. Organisms isolated were streptococcus pneumonia and coagulase negative Stahyylococci. 30 minutes positive blood cultures turned negative at 4 hours cultures. Causative organisms were also isolated from the patients throat. All anaerobic cultures were negative. Throat swab, injector needle swab and endoscopic washing swab showed positive culture in 65%, 59.5%, 20%, 28.5% and 22.8% respectively, Other swab cultures from water supply, Scelerosant agent, and bands showed no bacterial growth. Serum C3 and C4 concentration and haemolytic complement activity were significantly reduced [P <0.05 and P0.01 respectively] in patients with bacteremia compared to non bacteremic patients serum opsonic activity showed insignificant difference between bacteremic and non baceremic patients. In conclusion, low serum C3 and C4 concentaration and decreased hemolytic complement functions are major risk factors for bacteremia after both procedures